Unemployment : the seven changes to come are explained

Hardening of the conditions of entry, a new calculation of the allowance... this 18 June, the government has laid out the future rules of unemployment insurance.

Announced for many weeks, the reform of the unemployment insurance system is finally on track. Presented on Tuesday, June 18, by the prime minister, Édouard Philippe, and the minister of Labour, Muriel Pénicaud, the government bill provides for a serious turn of the screw on the compensation rules. Objective ? 3.4 billion euros in savings in three years to preserve the financial health of the plan, in debt to the tune of 35 billion euros. And to fight against the precariousness of the labour market, discouraging short-term and the back-and-forth between work and unemployment.

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In the light of different ads, they are precarious workers who are going to suffer most of the new rules. And, more marginally, the high-income. The employers, themselves, are faring well : the bonus-malus on the unemployment contribution will only apply to seven sectors of activity, among which the hotel, catering and logistics. The text does not produce effects in the long term : the estimated 3.5 million beneficiaries already covered by Pôle emploi will continue to benefit from the old rules. New, they do apply to new job seekers, step by step, from the 1st of November 2019.

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1. A day paid, one-day compensation

If the government rebat cards, it does not change the regime from the inside out. In the future system of compensation, the two great principles remain. The first one : the maintenance of "a day contributed, a day compensated" dear to the trade union organizations. If you worked for during the 18 months prior to your unemployment, you will always be entitled to 18 months of allocation. The Second principle is preserved, the duration of insurance. The ceiling remains fixed at 24 months for employees with average, to 36 months for seniors over 57 years.

2. Eligibility rules tightened

It had up to now have worked at least 4 months in the past 28 months to be granted a right to unemployment benefit. It's almost finished ! Starting November 1, in order to claim compensation, it is necessary to have worked for at least 6 months during the last 24 months.

According to the unions, this tightening of the rules will exclude from the plan employees the most precarious, that, alternating short periods of work and long periods of job search, were able to obtain a little safety net.

The measure is, by far, the one that will save the most money on the plan. The ministry of Labour is waiting... 2.8 billion economy, including the modification of the rights-rechargeable (see below).

3. Rights-rechargeable-restricted

Since 2014, the persons who, temporarily, to resume a professional activity benefit from a mechanism of "human rights "rechargeable". Reworking, they are opening up new rights to unemployment insurance, they will get once they have exhausted their original rights. The device has the merit of encouraging benefit recipients to take up work, even temporarily. On the flip side, it promotes the development of a form of "permittence", with recipients that do not ever comes out of the unemployment insurance scheme.

The future decree does not question the principle of this reloading, but it hardens considerably the access. Until then, it was necessary to rework 150 hours (one month) to open up new rights. From 1 November, it will be necessary to contribute for at least 6 months to qualify.

4. A reference wage smoothness

To calculate the amount of the allowance to be paid, the job center did not take into account until now that wages earned on the days actually worked. And then was applying a replacement rate to the "daily wage of reference (from 57% to 75% depending on the income) in determining the compensation daily due. An "aberration", according to the Prime minister, since this mode of calculation allowed for 20% of the registered touch more to unemployment than by working. Finished.

from 1 April 2020, the reference salary will be calculated on a monthly basis. As a result, a individual winning 100 euros a day on two will now be compensated as much as another half-time paid 50 euros per day. This smoothing of income taken into account is expected to bring 700 million euros. It will not change anything for the unemployed leaving a CDI. But it will have a strong impact to the employees, alternating working periods and inactivity.

5. Allowances on a sliding scale for the more affluent

In the pipes for weeks, the measure has already done a lot to talk about. According to the figures provided by Pôle emploi at the rue de Grenelle, there is a strong correlation between the amount of the allowance and the duration of unemployment. In other words, those who are covered would take their time to search for work... To encourage them to return to employment, the government types in the portfolio, by introducing a phased reduction of 30% on their unemployment benefit from the 7th month.

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The measure, which will apply from the 1st of November, applied only to recipients under the age of 57 years, who received a salary greater than 4500 euros gross per month (a thirteenth month). With a floor of compensation set at 2261 euros net. The ministry of Labour expects 210 million euros in savings.

6. New rights for quitters

It was a commitment of Emmanuel Macron during the presidential campaign : offer of rights to unemployment insurance to resign. A promise revolutionary as the plan, insurance, not opened up then the rights to those workers involuntarily deprived of employment.

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For financial reasons, the commitment has been seriously downgraded. From 1 November 2019, the resigning can certainly claim to be compensated, but on conditions. It is necessary to have at least five years of seniority in his company and be able to claim a true professional project - business creation, conversion, training, etc. - to appear before a commission.

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7. Payment of a minimum compensation to the independent

Another promise of Emmanuel Macron, to offer coverage of unemployment to all workers, regardless of their status. The draft decree provides a lump sum compensation of 800 euros, for six months, for the self-employed - craftsmen, traders, micro-entrepreneurs... all without any additional fee. Here, too, the conditions of eligibility are laid down to restrict drastically the number of potential beneficiaries. To claim it, so it will be necessary that the professional activity has generated a minimum income of 10 000 € gross in the two years prior to... the liquidation.