The training of the unemployed: Macron wants to do better than Holland

The plan of "500 000" has been a dismal failure. The Plan of investment in skills (PIC) can it get any better?

At the beginning of the quinquennium, the government has announced with much fanfare the Plan of investment in skills (Peak): 15 billion euros for the training of young people with few or no qualifications and those furthest away from employment, or 2 million French. Where is it ? More importantly, what has it been made so that it does not replicate the mistakes of the Plan, 500 000, under François Hollande ?

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in a report In may 2018, the Court of auditors has étrillé this device 2016, which would allow the doubling on a year of entries in training of job seekers. "Implementation" hasty," "conditions not very rigorous", philosophy of "short-term"... the terms are not soft to describe a big mess. "Apart from the special case of the formations of the type 'Preparation for operational employment' (POE) held in the aftermath of a promise of employment, training translate to, on average, by a return to employment for less of an intern for two and access to sustainable employment - that is to say, of a duration of at least six months - to less than one out of four, reported to the Court.

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"We place ourselves in the life"

Among the criticisms made to the plan, 500,000, that were targeting approximate to the target audience and a calendar to forced march: the key was to send as many people as possible in training in a minimum of time.

Not a question of reproducing the same pattern with the Peak. "We place ourselves in duration, with a progressive ramp-up, explained Jean-Marie Marx, High commissioner for skills and inclusion through employment, this 19 February, before the Association of journalists of social information (Sjia). A step too high the first year, it is risking a decline in the quality of training."

in 2018, therefore, has been to lay the foundations of the Peak, with the signing of agreements on boot by the regions, the cornerstones of the device. The time is now the signature of "regional pacts of investment in skills", close to the employment catchment areas and their specificity. A dozen was signed in metropolitan france.

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The government has set its conditions : the training of the people furthest from work, or people to "invisible", the long-term unemployed, but also the beneficiaries of the RSA not necessarily registered with Pôle emploi, the inhabitants of the districts of the city policy, public total stall spotted by the social workers..

given these profiles, "difficult" to put it back on the way to work, the average unit cost of the proposed training programmes is high : around 8000 euros from 2019, compared to 3000 euros in the framework of the plan of 500,000. The idea is to put people in a path of insertion complete. To "secure" their entry into training and employment, to prevent dropouts along the way.

to this effect will be proposed "category skills" (to discover out an activity) or "category learning". "This is neither the time nor the money lost," says Jean-Marie Marx. Of the regions have also undertaken to ensure that the person leaving his or her training to prefer a fixed-term employment or temporary assignments to re-enter the course for two years.

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The supply of training is also supposed to adapt to the persons referred to, not necessarily very comfortable with the classroom. When possible, emphasis will be placed on updates in a professional situation, and not on the face-to-face.

Towards a re-evaluation of the skills needs constantly

Often, when a certification is finally ready, it no longer corresponds to the needs of companies in the field. The idea is therefore to put in place a little everywhere on the territory of a real-time monitoring of the needs - of the calls for projects are underway to innovate on this point thanks to data and artificial intelligence. The regions have also been invited to provide "additional modules" for the course certification, to complete real-time acquisition of skills, depending on the economic needs detected.

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So that, next to the reform of the labour law, the minister of Labour Muriel Pénicaud has been the Peak's flagship instrument for reducing unemployment, when can we expect tangible results ? A scientific committee must make its assessment. It will produce a report each year.

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Jean-Marie Marx custody of all prognosis. He prefers to criticize the region of Auvergne Rhône-Alpes - chaired by Laurent Wauquiez, which refuses categorically to put in place the device. "She was heavily divested in the formation of public the most eloignés of employment in recent years, less than 64% of entries in training on its base budget by 2018 compared to 2017, he laments. The State will allocate still 652 million euros for the public of this region. But this envelope is to be implemented through the Pôle emploi."